Diabetes

Diabetes/Pre-Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in the United States, affecting over 30 million people. If you or a loved one have diabetes, management and dietary education is available at TruWellness. Owner and founder Kelly Twells MSN, FNP-BC, offers mobile services and telehealth appointments for your comfort and well-being. Call the office or request an appointment online today.

What is diabetes?

Diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, or sugar in the blood, making it challenging for the body to work effectively. The pancreas produces insulin, a hormone that converts blood sugar into energy for the body.

Individuals with diabetes may experience insufficient natural insulin production or ineffective utilization of insulin, preventing glucose from reaching cells. Elevated blood glucose levels can lead to various health issues, including heart disease, kidney disease, and vision problems.

Are there different types of diabetes?

Three main types of diabetes exist:

Type 1 diabetes

In Type 1 diabetes, the body fails to produce its own insulin due to the immune system attacking pancreatic cells responsible for insulin production. While often occurring in childhood, Type 1 diabetes can develop at any age.

Type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes involves the ineffective use of insulin by the body. It is the most common form, potentially developing at any age but more prevalent in middle age. Factors such as weight, diet, and activity levels are often linked to Type 2 diabetes.

Gestational diabetes

Developing during pregnancy, gestational diabetes usually resolves after childbirth. However, it increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.

What are the symptoms of diabetes?

Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes share common symptoms, including:

• Frequent urination
• Increased thirst
• Fatigue
• Dry mouth
• Itchy skin
• Increased hunger
• Blurred vision

Additional symptoms of Type 1 diabetes include:

• Nausea 
• Vomiting
• Unplanned weight loss
• Irritability
• Bedwetting in children 

Symptoms unique to Type 2 diabetes include:

• Weight gain
• Frequent yeast infections
• Darkened armpit, groin, or neck skin
• Erectile dysfunction
• Numbness in the hands or feet. 

Gestational diabetes often presents with no symptoms, but increased urination may occur.

How is diabetes treated?

Diabetes treatment varies based on the type. For Type 1 diabetes, insulin pump usage or regular insulin injections are typically required. Type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes management at TruWellness involve recommending lifestyle changes.

Common treatments for all diabetes types include:

Blood sugar monitoring

Regular checks, especially if using insulin, may be recommended up to four times daily.

Lifestyle changes

Incorporating regular exercise and a healthy diet rich in vegetables, lean protein, whole grains, and legumes helps control blood sugar, particularly for Type 2 and gestational diabetes. Losing 5% of body weight, especially for those overweight, can lower blood sugar levels.

Medications

Various medications stimulate insulin production or prevent glucose release from the liver, effectively managing diabetes and preventing complications.

For compassionate and personalized diabetes care, call TruWellness or book an appointment online.